The simple but mysterious and “ancient” – from 1953. Very rare dial signature – magic “???????? – 2 Uglich”. (????????????????????????????????????????????????? – First State Factory of Precision Technical Stones). FUNCTION Hours, Minutes, Sub-dial second hand. Prior to World War II, during a period of rapid industrialization in the Soviet Union, the Soviet government sought international funding and expertise in the development of a domestic watchmaking industry. LIP was having financial problems at home in France, and in 1936, technical director Fred Lipmann signed a deal with the USSR to export technology and parts. In April, 1935, the Third State Watch Factory was formed in Penza, a city 625 kilometers southeast of Moscow. This factory was reconstructed from the remnants of the Frunze Bicycle Plant using the newly-acquired tooling from LIP. LIP engineers and technicians were also responsible for supervising the installation of all equipment and for training Russian engineers. The watches they produced were small, modern wristwatch designs based on the LIP caliber T18. The T18 movement, after slight modification by the Soviets, was renamed the 1802. This caliber was revolutionary in many ways, but most importantly, in 1947, it was the first mechanical watch movement ever produced on a modern assembly line. With the help of LIP, the Soviets pioneered mass production of watch movements several years before the Swiss. The first watches bore no name on the dial, followed by those marked ZIF, then those with the 3??? Factory logo, and finally those branded Zvezda (?????? , meaning “star”). Zvezda watches were produced for both men and women from 1940 until the 1960s. These watches were also some of the first to be exported abroad. THIS WATCH IS AS SHOWN IN THE PICTURE. PICTURES ARE UPLOADED FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE. PLEASE, NEVER LEAVE A NEGATIVE OR NEUTRAL FEED BACK, IF GOT ANY PROBLEM REGARDING TO THE ITEM KINDLY CONTACT ME. All Sales are final. Excellent packing the item.